The theological arguments themselves fill volumes, but for the purposes of this book, here’s a brief summary of the main social and practical reasons for observing hijab.
To preserve women’s dignity, respect, and freedom to participate fully in social life.
To ensure equality among women and give them self-confidence, minimizing the difference between the attractive and the less attractive women. This promotes a relative equality among them. Every woman regardless of appearance is seen as attractive and desirable.
To safeguard family stability and protect family life, because men can only see their own mahram women and are less likely to be attracted to a stranger and grow distant from their wives.
Of course, reality is far removed from this ideal, but this is the philosophy behind the hijab. Generally, when girls reach puberty they start covering their hair, but they may still be wearing slacks and T-shirts. As they get older, they start wearing a manteau, which is probably the most common item of clothing for Iranian women, and a headscarf or shawl.
The women who also wear a chador, may either wear it over a manteau or over a top and skirt or slacks.